American Media History Fellow 3rd Edition
HippoCampus.org is a free, core academic web site that delivers rich multimedia content-videos, animations, and simulations-on general education subjects to middle-school and high-school teachers and college professors, and their students, free of charge. Teachers project HippoCampus content during classroom learning and assign it for computer labs and homework. Students use the site in the evenings for study and exam prep. Users do not need to register or log in to use the site. As an open resource for personalized learning, HippoCampus.org was designed as part of a worldwide effort to improve access to quality education for everyone.
American Media History by Anthony Fellow and a great selection of related books, art and collectibles available now at AbeBooks.com. American Media History with Infotrac by Anthony Fellow - AbeBooks. The best multimedia instruction on the web to help you with your homework and study.
HippoCampus is powered by, a non-profit, member-driven project focused on new models of digital content development, distribution, and use. NROC makes editorial and digital engineering investments in the content to prepare it for distribution by HippoCampus.
Sponsors HippoCampus is made possible by the generous support of: User Requirements HippoCampus contains multimedia instructional content that is best viewed over a high-speed Internet connection such as DSL or Cable Modem. Some HippoCampus content uses Adobe Flash. We recommend that you have Adobe Flash Player 10.x or higher installed on your system. General Teaching Technical Content HippoCampus and Advanced Placement (AP). General We are a non-profit organization and provide the content at our websites for self-improvement only as part of our mission. You cannot get credit for it since we are not a school. We are not a school, so you cannot enroll in a course, but individuals are welcome to use the materials for free as study aids.
There is no charge for individual users at HippoCampus. You can email a comment or question directly to Help@HippoCampus.org, or you can click the 'Comments and Questions' icon in the Media Window control bar. The icon looks like a small speech bubble.
While we understand that you may need assistance with your homework, we cannot provide the answers to your problems or individual assistance. We hope you can use our website as a tool to help you learn the subject matter so that you can find the answers.
We correlate our content to a variety of widely used textbooks so that you may choose the books you wish. You do not need to buy any of the books mentioned.
Teaching More than half the use of HippoCampus occurs during classroom hours, when teachers go online to project topic lectures and show simulations launched from the HippoCampus site. Teachers can use the site as is, or can create custom playlists of topics in their custom HippoCampus page by creating a free user account. Just click the Log In link in the top-right corner of any HippoCampus page to get started. Further information can be found in the HippoCampus is not a credit-granting organization, and does not monitor, grade, or give transcripts to anyone using the site. However, many home schooling families have used HippoCampus content to supplement or guide their home curriculum, and we welcome them as users.HippoCampus is made possible by the members of The NROC Project, and many NROC members offer credit for courses that contain HippoCampus content. Yes, although homeschoolers should realize that the content presented is not a complete course. The content is intended to have an instructor to provide supplemental assignments and instruction.
Since there is no teacher available through HippoCampus, the parent must take the role of instructor. We have done research to identify some very good wet lab resources for virtual schools that could also be used successfully by homeschoolers.
Here are a few of the options:Smart Science, Smart Science® virtual labs are a complete science learning system with online assessments and reports, delivery of all course activities and student and curriculum tracking for current and prior terms. In 2007 the College Board approved AP science courses that incorporate Smart Science® AP labs as their lab components. Full sets of labs (20-30 labs per course) are offered for a fee.Hands-On Labs, The science lab kits and products offered by Hands-On Labs, Inc. Were specifically designed and selected by practicing distance educators to serve the 'At Home' science study markets. These kits are used with web courses, telecommunication courses, home-schooling programs, and all other forms of independent study. Students are not required to log in to HippoCampus.org, so there is no way to track student use from the public site.
However, institutions that are members of the National Repository of Online Courses (NROC) have access to HippoCampus content through their school's learning management system, which can track use, assignments, and grades. Our specify that HippoCampus is provided by the Monterey Institute for Technology and Education for personal enrichment and individual instructor use only. The unlicensed use of this content by educational organizations or commercial vendors is prohibited. Technical Unfortunately, there is no way to download the video from our website.
As an individual user, however, you may create a custom HippoCampus page and then link to an individual topic. After you have created your custom page, there will be buttons in the upper right corner that allow you to view the text version (when available), bookmark, or link to the topic. Yes, in multiple ways. First, there is a 'maximize' button beneath the bottom left corner of the Media Window which will widen the screen. There is also a 'hide column' button beneath the first column of content in the Browse Topics tab. These can be used simultaneously or independently. For some content, such as that from Khan Academy, a small button in the lower right corner of the media control bar allows the content to be shown full screen.
For other content, such as Algebra I-An Open Course, right-clicking the mouse over the video content will open a menu that offers Full Screen as an option. This problem occurs if you are using version 7.1.3 of Quicktime® or higher. To fix the problem, go into the QuickTime 'Preferences.' Your screen resolution may be set too low. The Algebra course requires that your screen resolution be at 1024x768 or higher.
Most of the other content requires a resolution of 600x800 or higher. Much, but not all, of the content at HippoCampus is closed captioned. Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act to requires Federal agencies to make their electronic and information technology accessible to people with disabilities. The law applies to all Federal agencies when they develop, procure, maintain, or use electronic and information technology. The educational resources provided at HippoCampus.org were not procured by, and are not made available through, a Federal agency, so the law is not applicable to the content at this website. Content All the content we provide at HippoCampus is created by other educational institutions and contributed to us to distribute as part of our non-profit mission.
Due to the complexity of modifying the multimedia content, we cannot always correct errors within the video presentations. There is an Errata icon that appears with any topics in which a known error has been identified. We encourage our users to report any errors they discover so that we can notify everyone of the problem.There is also an errata sheet available for some courses if you select 'Launch a Full Course.' Use the 'Comments and Questions' feature in the Media Window control bar. The icon looks like a small speech bubble, and allows you to send in a description of the error directly from the relevant piece of media.
Or you can send an email to Help@HippoCampus.org. Please describe the issue as precisely as possible.If you provide your email address, we will inform you about the correction process, or ask any follow-up question necessary to clarify the report. The tests that appear on our website are intended as open tests for self-assessment only. They are not intended to be secure tests since the answers are freely available at several websites. There are answer keys available for the chapter tests but not for the review questions. The answer keys for the chapter tests are located as a link right under the chapter test link. This is a problem that was in the original content we received from the course developer.
We have no way of fixing this at this time. The Environmental Science labs require you to have Java installed on your computer. You can get the latest version at HippoCampus and Advanced Placement (AP). We know a lot of homeschoolers use HippoCampus. We are often asked if homeschoolers can study the content at HippoCampus and then just take and pass the AP exam.HippoCampus courses were designed to address the AP College Board criteria. However, as with any teaching resource, they should not be considered a singular solution, but can be used as a good foundation for an AP teaching curriculum. The courses at HippoCampus have not currently been mapped to the CLEP and DANTE tests.If you wish to receive college credit for taking an AP course, most colleges will require that the course have been approved by the College Board.
Schools wishing to give their students AP credit must go through the AP audit process. The same is true for homeschoolers. The AP Course Ledger section below gives more information about the audit process.AP Course LedgerThe AP Course Ledger is a comprehensive and public registry of all courses authorized to use the AP label on student transcripts. The Ledger is an annual and culminating product of the AP Course Audit, a process by which college faculty confirm that courses submitted by AP teachers and schools provide students with the essential elements of a college level experience. As an exclusively Web-based registry, the Ledger is published annually in November and updated weekly throughout the academic year to reflect newly authorized courses.Here is a link to AP Audit information, (and you can find other links on this page to various other resources): Yes, the AP Course Audit is only required for schools desiring to: - use the 'AP' designation on students' transcripts- be listed in the ledger of authorized AP courses provided each fall to college and university admissions offices and the public.
Schools that simply offer the AP Exam as an opportunity for their students to earn college credit, without actually labeling the school's courses 'AP' on students' transcripts, do not need to participate in the AP Course Audit, and can continue offering AP Exams to their students. Our AP content is a good resource to help students prepare for AP exams. However, while we provide content resources, we do not have instructors who teach the courses. In order to be authorized by the College Board and put in the AP Course Ledger, an instructor must submit a syllabus for the course. While we do not have instructors who teach our courses, we do have NROC member schools that teach the courses for credit and they have been approved through the AP College Board.AP, Advanced Placement and Advanced Placement Program are registered trademarks of the College Board, which was not involved in the production of, and does not endorse, this content.
Contact The NROC Project Monterey Institute for Technology and Education P.O. Box 890 Marina, CA 93933 Beth Pickett, HippoCampus Product Manager, Academic Institutions HippoCampus is sustained by academic institutions that are members of The NROC Project. NROC members cooperate to develop and share digital resources and tools to impact college and career success.
For more information about joining our efforts, please email. Textbook Publishers Correlation to HippoCampus is a powerful competitive differentiator for your textbook.
To have your book indexed and listed at HippoCampus, please contact Gary Lopez, Executive Director, 831-642-9459,. Advertisers HippoCampus.org is an Open Educational Resource that delivers high-quality academic content in middle-school and high-school classrooms during the day, and offers students study and homework resources in the evenings.
We welcome advertisers whose message is consistent with our educational mission and our non-profit, foundation-funded status. For details, visit the page.
Explore NROC Project Membership for Institutional Use The same great content available for free individual use at HippoCampus.org is also available for institutional use through membership in The NROC Project. Membership fees sustain the operation of this non-profit endeavor to make quality educational content freely available to individual learners worldwide.
If you are interested in learning more about institutional use of the NROC Library within your school, district, or state, please complete the form at www.nroc.org. To make media Playlists or your own custom HippoCampus site, you will need to create an account. Choose a Login ID and Password. Make sure you record your Login ID and Password in a safe place; you will need to use them to edit your custom page. Login ID: Password: Password (again): To complete the registration process, please provide the following information.
All fields are required. Email address: First name: Last name: Position: Institution: State: Country: Subject of Interest: Sign me up for the quarterly HippoCampus newsletter.
I accept the Hippocampus Choose a Login ID that is easy for you to remember. You will need to use it to access your custom page. You will also need to provide your Login ID to anyone with whom you would like to share your custom page with, like your students. You will not want to share your Password with anyone else since you will use your Password to edit the contents of your custom page.
The other information you need to provide will help us determine how HippoCampus is being used so we can improve the features and services offered at this site. Your email address will only be used to contact you if we need to provide you with information about your account. We will not share your email address with any other organization.
Explore NROC Project Membership for Institutional Use The same great content available for free individual use at HippoCampus.org is also available for institutional use through membership in The NROC Project. Membership fees sustain the operation of this non-profit endeavor to make quality educational content freely available to individual learners worldwide. If you are interested in learning more about institutional use of the NROC Library within your school, district, or state, please complete the form at www.nroc.org.
. Australian citizenship lost in 1985 (under S17 of ) with acquisition of US nationality.
Keith Rupert Murdoch, (; born 11 March 1931) is an Australian-born American. His father, Sir, had been a reporter, editor, and senior executive of the Herald and Weekly Times newspaper publishing company, covering all Australian states except New South Wales. After his father's death in 1952, Murdoch declined to join his late father's registered public company and created his own private company, News Limited.
Murdoch thus had full control as Chairman and CEO of global media, now the world's second-largest, and its successors, and, after the conglomerate split on 28 June 2013. In the 1950s and 1960s, Murdoch acquired a number of newspapers in Australia and New Zealand, before expanding into the United Kingdom in 1969, taking over the, followed closely. Murdoch moved to New York City in 1974, to expand into the U.S. Market; however, he retained interests in Australia and Britain. In 1981, Murdoch bought, his first British broadsheet, and became a U.S.
Citizen (and as a result, gave up Australian citizenship) in 1985 to satisfy the legal requirement for U.S. Television ownership. In 1986, keen to adopt newer electronic publishing technologies, Murdoch consolidated his UK printing operations in, causing bitter industrial disputes. Murdoch's News Corporation acquired (1985), (1989), and (2007). Murdoch formed the British broadcaster in 1990, and during the 1990s expanded into Asian networks and South American television. By 2000, Murdoch's News Corporation owned over 800 companies in more than 50 countries, with a net worth of over $5 billion. In July 2011, Murdoch faced allegations that his companies, including the, owned by News Corporation, had been regularly of celebrities, royalty, and public citizens.
Murdoch faced police and government investigations into bribery and corruption by the British government and investigations in the U.S. On 21 July 2012, Murdoch resigned as a director of News International.
On 1 July 2015, Murdoch left his post as CEO of 21st Century Fox. Murdoch and his family own both and through the Murdoch Family Trust.
In July 2016, after the resignation of due to accusations of sexual harassment, Murdoch was named the acting CEO of. Journalist Sir (1885–1952), Rupert Murdoch's father Following his father's death, when he was 21, Murdoch returned from Oxford to take charge of the family business, which had been established in 1923. Rupert Murdoch turned its newspaper, its main asset, into a major success. He began to direct his attention to acquisition and expansion, buying the troubled in, (1956) and over the next few years acquiring suburban and provincial newspapers in New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria and the, including the Sydney afternoon tabloid, (1960). Describes Murdoch as 'inventing the modern tabloid', as he developed a pattern for his newspapers, increasing sports and scandal coverage and adopting eye-catching headlines. Murdoch's first foray outside Australia involved the purchase of a controlling interest in the New Zealand daily. In January 1964, while touring New Zealand with friends in a rented Morris Minor after sailing across the Tasman, Murdoch read of a takeover bid for the Wellington paper by the British-based Canadian newspaper magnate,.
On the spur of the moment, he launched a counter-bid. A four-way battle for control ensued in which the 32-year-old Murdoch was ultimately successful. Later in 1964, Murdoch launched, Australia's first national daily newspaper, which was based first in and later in Sydney.
In 1972, Murdoch acquired the Sydney morning tabloid from Australian media mogul Sir, who later regretted selling it to him. In 1984, Murdoch was appointed (AC) for services to publishing. In 1999, Murdoch significantly expanded his music holdings in Australia by acquiring the controlling share in a leading Australian independent label, 's; he merged that with, and the result was (FMR). Both Festival and FMR were managed by Murdoch's son for several years. Political activities in Australia Murdoch found a political ally in Sir, leader of the Australian Country Party (now known as the ), who was governing in coalition with the larger Menzies-Holt-Gorton.
From the very first issue of The Australian Murdoch began taking McEwen's side in every issue that divided the long-serving coalition partners. (The Australian, 15 July 1964, first edition, front page: 'Strain in Cabinet, Liberal-CP row flares.' ) It was an issue that threatened to split the coalition government and open the way for the stronger Australian Labor Party to dominate Australian politics.
American Media History Fellow 3rd Edition
It was the beginning of a long campaign that served McEwen well. After McEwen and retired, Murdoch threw his growing power behind the under the leadership of and duly saw it elected on a social platform that included universal free health care, free education for all Australians to tertiary level, recognition of the, and public ownership of Australia's oil, gas and mineral resources. Rupert Murdoch's backing of Whitlam turned out to be brief. Murdoch had already started his short-lived National Star newspaper in America, and was seeking to strengthen his political contacts there. Asked about the at News Corporation's annual general meeting in New York on 19 October 2007, its chairman Rupert Murdoch said, 'I am not commenting on anything to do with.
I always get into trouble when I do that.' Pressed as to whether he believed Prime Minister should continue as prime minister, he said: 'I have nothing further to say. Read our editorials in the. It'll be the journalists who decide that – the editors.' In 2009, in response to accusations by Australian Prime Minister that News Limited was running vendettas against him and his government, Murdoch opined that Rudd was 'oversensitive'. Murdoch described Howard's successor, Labor Party Prime Minister, as '.more ambitious to lead the world in tackling climate change than to lead Australia.' And criticised Rudd's expansionary fiscal policies in the wake of the as unnecessary.
Although News Limited's interests are extensive, also including the, the and the, it was suggested by the commentator in that 'the anti-Rudd push, if coordinated at all, was almost certainly locally driven' as opposed to being directed by Murdoch, who also took a different position from local editors on such matters as climate change and stimulus packages to combat the financial crisis. Murdoch is a supporter of an, having campaigned for one during the. Activities in the United Kingdom Business activities in the United Kingdom.
Rupert Murdoch – Annual Meeting in, in 2007 In 1968, Murdoch entered the British newspaper market with his acquisition of the populist, followed in 1969 with the purchase of the struggling daily from. Murdoch turned The Sun into a format and reduced costs by using the same printing press for both newspapers. On acquiring it, he appointed as editor and – Lamb recalled later – told him: 'I want a tearaway paper with lots of tits in it'. In 1997 The Sun attracted 10 million daily readers. In 1981, Murdoch acquired the struggling and from Canadian newspaper publisher. Ownership of The Times came to him through his relationship with Lord Thomson, who had grown tired of losing money on it as a result of an extended period of industrial action that stopped publication.
In the light of success and expansion at The Sun the owners believed that Murdoch could turn the papers around., editor of the Sunday Times from 1967, was switched to the daily Times, though he stayed only a year amid editorial conflict with Murdoch. During the 1980s and early 1990s, Murdoch's publications were generally supportive of Britain's Prime Minister. At the end of the / era, Murdoch switched his support to the and its leader,. The closeness of his relationship with Blair and their secret meetings to discuss national policies was to become a political issue in Britain. This later changed, with The Sun, in its English editions, publicly renouncing the ruling Labour government and lending its support to 's, which soon afterwards formed a coalition government.
In Scotland, where the Tories had suffered a complete annihilation in 1997, the paper began to endorse the (though not yet its flagship policy of independence), which soon after came to form the first ever outright majority in the proportionally elected Scottish Parliament. Former Prime Minister Gordon Brown's official spokesman said in November 2009 that Brown and Murdoch 'were in regular communication' and that 'there is nothing unusual in the prime minister talking to Rupert Murdoch'. In 1986, Murdoch introduced electronic production processes to his newspapers in Australia, Britain and the United States. The greater degree of automation led to significant reductions in the number of employees involved in the printing process.
In England, the move roused the anger of the print unions, resulting in a long and often violent dispute that played out in, one of London's docklands areas, where Murdoch had installed the very latest electronic newspaper purpose-built publishing facility in an old warehouse. The bitter started with the dismissal of 6,000 employees who had gone on strike and resulted in street battles and demonstrations. Many on the political left in Britain alleged the collusion of Margaret Thatcher's Conservative government with Murdoch in the Wapping affair, as a way of damaging the.
In 1987, the dismissed workers accepted a settlement of £60 million. Murdoch's British-based satellite network, incurred massive losses in its early years of operation. As with many of his other business interests, Sky was heavily subsidised by the profits generated by his other holdings, but convinced rival satellite operator to accept a merger on his terms in 1990. The merged company, has dominated the British pay-TV market ever since pursuing satellite broadcasting. By 1996, BSkyB had more than 3.6 million subscribers, triple the number of cable customers in the UK. Murdoch has a seat on the Strategic Advisory Board of, having jointly investing with in a 5.5% stake in the company which conducted shale gas and oil exploration in, and, controversially, the occupied.
In response to print media's decline and the increasing influence of online journalism during the 2000s, Murdoch proclaimed his support of the model for obtaining revenue from on-line news, although this has been criticised by some. News Corporation has subsidiaries in the, the, the and the. From 1986, News Corporation's annual tax bill averaged around seven percent of its profits. Political activities in United Kingdom In Britain, in the 1980s, Murdoch formed a close alliance with prime minister, and The Sun with helping her successor to win an unexpected election victory in, which had been expected to end in a or a narrow win for 's Labour. In the general elections of, and, Murdoch's papers were either neutral or supported under.
The Labour Party, from when Tony Blair became leader in 1994, had moved from the to a more position on many economic issues prior to 1997. Murdoch identifies himself as a, saying 'What does libertarian mean? As much individual responsibility as possible, as little government as possible, as few rules as possible. But I'm not saying it should be taken to the absolute limit.' In a 2005 speech delivered in New York, Murdoch said that Blair described the coverage of the disaster as being full of hatred of America. In 1998, Murdoch made an attempt to buy the football club, with an offer of £625 million, but this failed.
It was the largest amount ever offered for a sports club. It was blocked by the, which stated that the acquisition would have 'hurt competition in the broadcast industry and the quality of British football'. On 28 June 2006, the BBC reported that Murdoch and News Corporation were considering backing new at the next General Election – still up to four years away. In a later interview in July 2006, when he was asked what he thought of the Conservative leader, Murdoch replied 'Not much'. In a 2009 blog, it was suggested that in the aftermath of the which might yet have Transatlantic implications Murdoch and News Corporation might have decided to back Cameron. Despite this, there had already been a convergence of interests between the two men over the muting of Britain's communications regulator. In August 2008, British Conservative leader and future Prime Minister accepted free flights to hold private talks and attend private parties with Murdoch on his yacht, the Rosehearty.
Cameron has declared in the Commons register of interests he accepted a private plane provided by Murdoch's son-in-law, public relations guru; Cameron has not revealed his talks with Murdoch. The gift of travel in Freud's private jet was valued at around £30,000.
Other guests attending the 'social events' included the then EU trade commissioner, the Russian oligarch and co-chairman of. The Conservatives have not disclosed what was discussed. In July 2011, it emerged that Cameron met key executives of Murdoch's News Corporation 26 times during the 14 months that Cameron had served as Prime Minister. It was also reported that Murdoch had given Cameron a personal guarantee that there would be no risk attached to hiring, the former editor of News of the World, as the Conservative Party's communication director in 2007. This was in spite of Coulson having resigned as editor over phone hacking by a reporter. Cameron chose to take Murdoch's advice, despite warnings from, and.
Coulson resigned his post in 2011 and was later arrested and questioned on allegations of further criminal activity at The News of the World, specifically the. As a result of the subsequent trial, Coulson was sentenced to 18 months in jail. In June 2016, The Sun supported Vote Leave in the. Murdoch called the result “wonderful”, comparing the decision to withdraw from the EU as like “a prison break.we’re out”. News International phone hacking scandal. Main article: In July 2011, Murdoch, along with his son James, provided testimony before a committee regarding phone hacking. In the U.K., his media empire remains under fire as investigators continue to probe reports of other phone hacking.
On 14 July, the of the served a on Murdoch, his son, and his former CEO to testify before a committee on 19 July. After an initial refusal, the Murdochs confirmed they would attend after the committee issued them a summons to Parliament. The day before the committee, the website of the News Corporation publication was hacked, and a false story was posted on the front page claiming that Murdoch had died. Murdoch described the day of the committee 'the most humble day of my life'. He argued that since he ran a global business of 53,000 employees and that the News of the World was 'just 1%' of this, he was not ultimately responsible for what went on at the tabloid. He added that he had not considered resigning, and that he and the other top executives had been completely unaware of the hacking.
On 15 July, Murdoch attended a private meeting in London with the family of, where he personally apologized for the hacking of their murdered daughter's voicemail by a company he owns. On 16 and 17 July, News International published two full-page apologies in many of Britain's national newspapers. The first apology took the form of a letter, signed by Murdoch, in which he said sorry for the 'serious wrongdoing' that occurred. The second was titled 'Putting right what's gone wrong', and gave more detail about the steps News International was taking to address the public's concerns. In the wake of the allegations Murdoch accepted the resignations of, head of Murdoch's British operations, and, head of Dow Jones who was chairman of Murdoch's British newspaper division when some of the abuses happened.
They both deny any knowledge of any wrongdoing under their command. On 27 February 2012, the day after the first issue of The Sun on Sunday was published, Deputy Assistant Commissioner Sue Akers informed the that police are investigating a 'network of corrupt officials' as part of their inquiries into phone hacking and police corruption. She said that evidence suggested a 'culture of illegal payments' at the Sun newspaper and that these payments allegedly made by the Sun were authorised at a senior level. In testimony on 25 April 2012, Murdoch did not deny the quote attributed to him by his former editor of The Sunday Times,: 'I give instructions to my editors all round the world, why shouldn't I in London?' On 1 May 2012, the issued a report stating that Murdoch was 'not a fit person to exercise the stewardship of a major international company'.
On 3 July 2013, the website and broke the story of a secretly recorded tape. The tape was recorded by Sun journalists and in it Murdoch can be heard telling them that the whole investigation was one big fuss over nothing, and that he, or his successors, would take care of any journalists who went to prison.
He said: 'Why are the police behaving in this way? It's the biggest inquiry ever, over next to nothing.' Activities in the United States Murdoch made his first acquisition in the United States in 1973, when he purchased the. Soon afterwards, he founded, a, and in 1976, he purchased the.
On 4 September 1985, Murdoch became a naturalized citizen to satisfy the legal requirement that only US citizens were permitted to own US television stations. This resulted in Murdoch, in effect, renouncing his Australian citizenship. In March 1984, sold 's interest in to Murdoch for $250 million due to 's trade deals with, which were sanctioned by the at the time.
Later backed out of a deal with Murdoch to purchase 's Metromedia television stations. Rupert Murdoch bought the stations by himself, without Marvin Davis, and later bought out Davis's remaining stake in Fox for $325 million. The six television stations owned by would form the nucleus of the, founded on 9 October 1986, which would go on to have great success with programs such as and. In Australia, during 1987, he bought, the company that his father had once managed. Rupert Murdoch's bought out the remaining assets of from 's in 1996. Most of 's library of programs are controlled by today.
After Murdoch's numerous buyouts during the of the eighties, News Corporation had built up financial debts of $7 billion (much from Sky TV in the UK), despite the many assets that were held by NewsCorp. The high levels of debt caused Murdoch to sell many of the American magazine interests he had acquired in the mid-1980s. In 1993, Murdoch's took exclusive coverage of the (NFC) of the (NFL) from and increased programming to seven days a week. In 1995, Fox became the object of scrutiny from the (FCC), when it was alleged that News Ltd.' S Australian base made Murdoch's ownership of Fox illegal. However, the FCC ruled in Murdoch's favour, stating that his ownership of Fox was in the best interests of the public.
That same year, Murdoch announced a deal with to develop a major news website and magazine,. Also that year, News Corporation launched the pay television network in Australia in partnership with. In 1996, Murdoch decided to enter the cable news market with the, a station. Ratings studies released in 2009 showed that the network was responsible for nine of the top ten programs in the 'Cable News' category at that time.
Rupert Murdoch and (founder and former owner of CNN) are long-standing rivals. In late 2003, Murdoch acquired a 34% stake in, the operator of the largest American satellite TV system, from for $6 billion (USD).
His Fox movie studio would go on to have global hits with and. In 2004, Murdoch announced that he was moving News Corporation headquarters from Adelaide, Australia to the United States. Choosing a US domicile was designed to ensure that American fund managers could purchase shares in the company, since many were deciding not to buy shares in non-US companies. News Corporation logo On 20 July 2005, News Corporation bought Inc., which held Myspace, and other social networking-themed websites, for $580 million USD, making Murdoch a major player in online media concerns. In June 2011, it sold off Myspace for US$35 million.
On 11 September 2005, News Corporation announced that it would buy Entertainment for $650 million (USD). In May 2007, Murdoch made a $5 billion offer to purchase. At the time, the, who had owned the Dow Jones for 105 years and controlled 64% of the shares at the time, declined the offer.
Later, the Bancroft family confirmed a willingness to consider a sale. Besides Murdoch, the reported that supermarket magnate and Internet entrepreneur were among the other interested parties. In 2007, Murdoch acquired Dow Jones, which gave him such publications as, the (based in Hong Kong) and. In June 2014, Murdoch's 21st Century Fox made a bid for at $85 per share in stock and cash ($80 billion total) which Time Warner's board of directors turned down in July.
Warner's unit would have been sold to ease antitrust issues of the purchase. On 5 August 2014 the company announced it had withdrawn its offer for Time Warner, and said it would spend $6 billion buying back its own shares over the following 12 months. Political activities in the United States McNight (2010) identifies four characteristics of his media operations: ideology; unified positions on matters of public policy; global editorial meetings; and opposition to alleged. On 8 May 2006, the reported that Murdoch would be hosting a fund-raiser for Senator 's (-New York) Senate re-election campaign. In a 2008 interview with, Murdoch was asked whether he had 'anything to do with the 's endorsement of in the democratic primaries.' Without hesitating, Murdoch replied, 'Yeah.
He is a rock star. It's fantastic. I love what he is saying about education. I don't think he will win Florida. But he will win in and the.
I am anxious to meet him. I want to see if he will walk the walk.' Murdoch is a strong supporter of Israel and its domestic policies. In 2010, News Corporation gave US$1 million to the and $1 million to the.
Murdoch also served on the board of directors of the. Murdoch is also a supporter of the Stop Online Piracy Act and Protect Intellectual Property Act. Murdoch advocates more open immigration policies in western nations generally. In the United States, Murdoch and chief executives from several major corporations, including, and joined New York City Mayor to form the to advocate 'for immigration reform – including a path to legal status for all illegal aliens now in the United States.' The coalition, reflecting Murdoch and Bloomberg's own views, also advocates significant increases in legal immigration to the United States as a means of boosting America's sluggish economy and lowering unemployment. The Partnership's immigration policy prescriptions are notably similar to those of the Cato Institute and the U.S. Chamber of Commerce—both of which Murdoch has supported in the past.
The Wall Street Journal editorial page has similarly advocated for increased legal immigration, in contrast to the staunch anti-immigration stance of Murdoch's British newspaper,. On 5 September 2010, Murdoch testified before the House Subcommittee on Immigration, Citizenship, Refugees, Border Security, and International Law Membership on the 'Role of Immigration in Strengthening America's Economy.' In his testimony, Murdoch called for ending mass deportations and endorsed a 'comprehensive immigration reform' plan that would include a pathway to citizenship for all illegal immigrants. In the, Murdoch was critical of the competence of 's team but was nonetheless strongly supportive of a victory, tweeting: 'Of course I want him Romney to win, save us from socialism, etc.' In May 2013, Murdoch purchased the, an estate, vineyard and winery in,.
In October 2015, Murdoch stirred controversy when he praised and referenced President, tweeting, ' and terrific. What about a real black President who can properly address the racial divide? And much else.' After which he apologized, tweeting, 'Apologies! No offence meant. Personally find both men charming.' Since became the U.S.
President, Murdoch has shown support for him through the news stories broadcast in his media empire, including on Fox News. Activities in Europe Murdoch owns controlling interest in Sky Italia, a satellite television provider in Italy. Murdoch's business interests in Italy have been a source of contention since they began.
In 2010 Murdoch won a media dispute with then Italian Prime Minister. A judge ruled the then Prime Minister's media arm prevented News Corporation's Italian unit, Sky Italia, from buying advertisements on its television networks. Activities in Asia In 1993, Murdoch acquired, a Hong Kong company founded by for $1 billion (Souchou, 2000:28), and subsequently set up offices for it throughout Asia. The deal enables News International to broadcast from Hong Kong to India, China, Japan and over thirty other countries in Asia, becoming one of the biggest satellite TV networks in the east. However, the deal did not work out as Murdoch had planned, because the Chinese government placed restrictions on it that prevented it from reaching most of China.
Personal life Marriages. Murdoch's fourth wife, whom he married in March 2016, photographed in 2009 On 11 January 2016, Murdoch announced his engagement to former model in a notice in The Times newspaper.
On 4 March 2016, Murdoch, a week short of his 85th birthday, and 59-year-old Hall were married in London, at; this is Murdoch's fourth marriage. Children Murdoch has six children. His eldest child, Prudence MacLeod, was appointed on 28 January 2011 to the board of, part of, which publishes and. Murdoch's elder son, formerly the deputy chief operating officer at the News Corporation and the publisher of the, was Murdoch's before resigning from his executive posts at the global media company at the end of July 2005. Lachlan's departure left, chief executive of the satellite television service since November 2003, as the only Murdoch son still directly involved with the company's operations, though Lachlan has agreed to remain on the News Corporation's board. After graduating from and marrying classmate Elkin Kwesi Pianim (the son of Ghanaian financial and political mogul ) in 1993, Murdoch's daughter, along with her husband, purchased a pair of NBC-affiliate television stations in California, and, with a $35 million loan provided by her father. By quickly re-organising and re-selling them at a $12 million profit in 1995, Elisabeth emerged as an unexpected rival to her brothers for the eventual leadership of the publishing dynasty's empire.
But after divorcing her first husband in 1998 and quarrelling publicly with her assigned mentor at BSkyB, she struck out on her own as a television and film producer in London. She has since enjoyed independent success, in conjunction with her second husband, the great-grandson of (the founder of ) whom she met in 1997 and married in 2001. It is not known how long Murdoch will remain as News Corporation's CEO. For a while the American cable television entrepreneur was the second-largest voting shareholder in News Corporation after Murdoch himself, potentially undermining the family's control.
In 2007, the company announced that it would sell certain assets and give cash to Malone's company in exchange for its stock. In 2007, the company issued Murdoch's older children voting stock. Murdoch has two children with Wendi Deng: Grace (b. New York, 19 November 2001) and Chloe (b.
New York, 17 July 2003). It was revealed in September 2011 that is Grace's. There is reported to be tension between Murdoch and his oldest children over the terms of a trust holding the family's 28.5% stake in News Corporation, estimated in 2005 to be worth about $6.1 billion.
Under the trust, his children by Wendi Deng share in the proceeds of the stock but have no voting privileges or control of the stock. Voting rights in the stock are divided 50/50 between Murdoch on the one side and his children of his first two marriages. Murdoch's voting privileges are not transferable but will expire upon his death and the stock will then be controlled solely by his children from the prior marriages, although their half-siblings will continue to derive their share of income from it. It is Murdoch's stated desire to have his children by Deng given a measure of control over the stock proportional to their financial interest in it (which would mean, if Murdoch dies while at least one of the children is a minor, that Deng would exercise that control). It does not appear that he has any strong legal grounds to contest the present arrangement, and both ex-wife Anna and their three children are said to be strongly resistant to any such change. Portrayal on television, in film, books and music.
This section needs additional citations for. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (December 2017) Murdoch and rival newspaper and publishing magnate are thinly fictionalised as 'Keith Townsend' and 'Richard Armstrong' in by British novelist and former MP. Murdoch has been portrayed by:. in the 1991 mini-series.
in a parody of in the television show. in the film. Paul Elder in. Himself on, first in ' and later in '. in the 2-part mini-series Power Games It has been speculated that the character of, the global media magnate and main villain in the 1997 movie, is based on Murdoch. The writer of the film, has stated that Carver was actually inspired by British press magnate, who was one of Murdoch's rivals.
In the 1997 film, the head of Octopus Inc.' S Rod McCain (initials R.M.) character is likely modelled after Murdoch. In 1999, the owned channel aired an original sitcom,. This featured an all- cast and the role of an Australian TV veteran named Harry Waller. The character is described as 'a self-made gazillionaire with business interests in all sorts of fields. He owns newspapers, hotel chains, sports franchises and genetic technologies, as well as everyone's favourite cable TV channel, The Chimp Channel.' Waller is thought to be a parody of Murdoch, a long-time rival of Turner.
In 2004, the movie included many interviews accusing Fox News of pressuring reporters to report only one side of news stories, in order to influence viewers' political opinions. In 2012, the satirical show Hacks, broadcast on the UK's, made obvious comparisons with Murdoch using the fictional character 'Stanhope Feast', portrayed by, as well as other central figures in the.
Influence, wealth and reputation. Murdoch accepting the 's 2015 Global Leadership Award in November According to ' real time list of world's billionaires, Murdoch is the 34th richest person in the US and the 96th richest person in the world, with a net worth of US$13.1 billion as of February 2017.
In 2016, Forbes ranked 'Rupert Murdoch & Family' as the 35th most powerful person in the world. In 2003 Murdoch bought 'Rosehearty', an 11 bedroom home on a 5-acre waterfront estate in. In August 2013, Terry Flew, Professor of Media and Communications at, wrote an article for the Conversation publication in which he verified a claim by former Australian prime minister that Murdoch owned 70% of Australian newspapers in 2011. Flew's article showed that News Corp Australia owned 23% of the nation's newspapers in 2011, according to the Finkelstein Review of Media and Media Regulation, but, at the time of the article, the corporation's titles accounted for 59% of the sales of all daily newspapers, with weekly sales of 17.3 million copies.
In connection with Murdoch's testimony to the 'into the ethics of the British press', editor of, referred to him as 'the man whose name is synonymous with unethical newspapers'. News Corp papers were accused of supporting the campaign of the Australian Liberal government and influencing public opinion during the 2013 federal election. Following the announcement of the Liberal Party victory at the polls, Murdoch tweeted 'Aust. Election public sick of public sector workers and phony welfare scroungers sucking life out of economy. Other nations to follow in time.' In November 2015, former Australian prime minister said that Murdoch 'arguably has had more impact on the wider world than any other living Australian'.
See also.